Pain & Allergy

This field focuses on chronic pain conditions and immune-mediated allergic disorders.

• Allergies — IgE-mediated reactions, anaphylaxis, immunotherapy
• Alpha-Gal Syndrome (tick-driven delayed allergy to mammalian meat) — full article plus 8 deep-dive guides on tick-origin science, complete foods list, cross-reactive meds, anaphylaxis plan, testing, restaurant & travel, tick prevention, and natural history
• Chronic Pain — nociceptive, neuropathic, nociplastic pain; multimodal management
  • Nociceptive vs Neuropathic vs Nociplastic
  • Central Sensitization
  • Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS)
  • Chronic Low Back Pain
  • Opioids for Non-Cancer Pain
  • Non-Opioid Medications
  • Interventional Pain (Injections, Ablations, Neuromodulation)
  • Pain Reprocessing Therapy & PNE
  • Sleep, Exercise & Lifestyle
• Anaphylaxis — severe allergic reactions, epinephrine, biphasic reactions, emergency management
• Food Allergy — IgE-mediated reactions to the Big 9 allergens (peanut, tree nut, milk, egg, wheat, soy, fish, shellfish, sesame); OAS, FPIES, oral immunotherapy (PALFORZIA), omalizumab (FDA 2024), early-introduction LEAP trial
• Drug Allergy — Gell-Coombs classification (Types I–IV); penicillin allergy de-labeling (90% tolerate on testing); DRESS syndrome; Stevens-Johnson / TEN; HLA screening (HLA-B*5801 for allopurinol); AERD/Samter’s triad
• Hereditary Angioedema (HAE) — C1-inhibitor deficiency; bradykinin-mediated swelling (NOT histamine); laryngeal edema risk; acute treatment (icatibant, C1-INH concentrate); prophylaxis (lanadelumab)
• Chronic Urticaria — wheals lasting >6 weeks; autoimmune IgE/IgG mechanism; UAS7 scoring; antihistamine stepwise therapy; omalizumab for refractory CSU
• Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE) — chronic food antigen–driven esophageal inflammation; dysphagia + food impaction; eosinophil ≥15/hpf on biopsy; PPI, topical steroids (budesonide orodispersible tablet), elimination diet, dupilumab (FDA 2022)
• Mastocytosis — clonal mast cell proliferation; cutaneous (urticaria pigmentosa) vs systemic; KIT D816V mutation; tryptase >20 ng/mL; anaphylaxis risk; cytoreductive therapy for advanced SM
• Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) — formerly RSD; Budapest Criteria, mirror therapy, graded motor imagery, low-dose naltrexone
• Food Intolerance — lactose, histamine, elimination diets
• Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS) — mast cell mediator release triad, SIGHI criteria, tryptase testing, low-histamine diet, quercetin, EDS/POTS connection
• Cluster Headaches — episodic vs. chronic, high-flow oxygen, verapamil, galcanezumab, hypothalamic pathophysiology
• Migraine — aura, triptans, CGRP antagonists, prevention
  • Aura & Visual Disturbances
  • Triptans & Gepants (Acute)
  • CGRP Inhibitors & Preventives
  • Chronic Migraine & MOH
  • Menstrual & Hormonal Migraine
  • Vestibular Migraine
  • Diet Triggers & Elimination
  • Magnesium, Riboflavin & Supplements
• Neuropathic Pain — peripheral vs. central sensitization, DN4 tool, gabapentinoids, duloxetine, topical lidocaine, alpha-lipoic acid
• Tension Headache — most common headache (70% of adults); episodic vs chronic; pressing/tightening bilateral pain; pericranial tenderness; NSAIDs for acute; amitriptyline for prevention; biofeedback & stress management

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