Rheumatology
Conditions
Deep dives β Ankylosing Spondylitis: HLA-B27 Explained · Biologics Guide · NSAID Strategy · Exercise & PT Protocol · Morning Stiffness Management · AS & IBD Overlap · Starch-Free Diet & Ebringer · Pregnancy & AS
Deep dives β Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome: Hypermobile EDS & 2017 Criteria · POTS, MCAS & the EDS Triad · Classical & Vascular EDS · Pain Management in hEDS · Physical Therapy & Joint Protection · GI Involvement in EDS · Pregnancy & EDS · Pediatric EDS & Transition of Care
Deep dives β Lupus: ANA, dsDNA & Lupus Autoantibodies · ACR/EULAR 2019 Classification Criteria · Lupus Nephritis & Kidney Involvement · Neuropsychiatric Lupus · Hydroxychloroquine & Antimalarials · Biologics: Belimumab, Anifrolumab, Rituximab · Lupus & Pregnancy · Cutaneous Lupus & Photoprotection · Lupus & SjΓΆgren's Overlap
Deep dives β Osteoporosis: DEXA Scan: T-score & Z-score · FRAX Risk Assessment & Thresholds · Bisphosphonates · Denosumab, Romosozumab & Teriparatide · Calcium, Vitamin D & Protein · Exercise for Bone Density · Postmenopausal Osteoporosis & HT · Secondary Osteoporosis Causes · Fracture Prevention & Fall Risk
Deep dives β Rheumatoid Arthritis: Shoulder Involvement · Omega-3 & Fish Oil · Diet · DMARDs & Biologics · Exercise · Herbs & Supplements
Rheumatology focuses on autoimmune and inflammatory diseases affecting joints and connective tissues.
Interactive Visualization Immune Response β inject a pathogen and watch the defence Innate cells swarm, T cells activate B cells, antibodies rise β then vaccinate and compare the fast, strong secondary response. Launch → Interactive Visualization Fever & the Thermostat β turn the set-point up yourself Watch an infection turn the hypothalamic thermostat up on purpose β you shiver to reach the new set-point, then take an antipyretic and sweat as it drops back. Launch → Interactive Visualization Gout β grow uric-acid crystals in a joint Watch uric acid climb past the point where it dissolves and stab needle-shaped crystals into a joint, igniting a red-hot gout attack β then lower it with allopurinol and watch the crystals melt away. Launch → Interactive Visualization Autoimmunity: When Defence Turns on You Watch immune cells lose the ability to tell self from invader and attack the body's own tissue β then see how tolerance normally prevents it and why it breaks down. Launch →
Key Research Papers
Foundational and recent peer-reviewed publications across rheumatology — rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, spondyloarthritis, scleroderma, vasculitis, gout, osteoporosis, and connective tissue disease. Each citation links to the full text via DOI.
- Aletaha D, Neogi T, Silman AJ, et al. 2010 Rheumatoid Arthritis Classification Criteria: An ACR/EULAR Collaborative Initiative. Arthritis & Rheumatism. 2010;62(9):2569–2581. — doi:10.1002/art.27584
- Smolen JS, Landewé RBM, Bergstra SA, et al. EULAR Recommendations for the Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis with Synthetic and Biological Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs: 2022 Update. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. 2023;82(1):3–18. — doi:10.1136/ard-2022-223356
- Petri M, Orbai AM, Alarcón GS, et al. Derivation and Validation of the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics Classification Criteria for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLICC). Arthritis & Rheumatism. 2012;64(8):2677–2686. — doi:10.1002/art.34473
- Aringer M, Costenbader K, Daikh D, et al. 2019 European League Against Rheumatism/American College of Rheumatology Classification Criteria for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. 2019;78(9):1151–1159. — doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2018-214819
- Sieper J, Rudwaleit M, Baraliakos X, et al. The Assessment of SpondyloArthritis International Society (ASAS) Handbook: A Guide to Assess Spondyloarthritis. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. 2009;68(Suppl 2):ii1–ii44. — doi:10.1136/ard.2008.104018
- Ward MM, Deodhar A, Akl EA, et al. American College of Rheumatology/Spondylitis Association of America/Spondyloarthritis Research and Treatment Network 2015 Recommendations for the Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis and Nonradiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis. Arthritis & Rheumatology. 2016;68(2):282–298. — doi:10.1002/art.39298
- Cosman F, de Beur SJ, LeBoff MS, et al. Clinician's Guide to Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis (NOF). Osteoporosis International. 2014;25(10):2359–2381. — doi:10.1007/s00198-014-2794-2
- Khanna D, Khanna PP, Fitzgerald JD, et al. 2012 American College of Rheumatology Guidelines for Management of Gout. Part 2: Therapy and Antiinflammatory Prophylaxis of Acute Gouty Arthritis. Arthritis Care & Research. 2012;64(10):1447–1461. — doi:10.1002/acr.21773
- van den Hoogen F, Khanna D, Fransen J, et al. 2013 Classification Criteria for Systemic Sclerosis: An ACR/EULAR Collaborative Initiative. Arthritis & Rheumatism. 2013;65(11):2737–2747. — doi:10.1002/art.38098
- Jennette JC, Falk RJ, Bacon PA, et al. 2012 Revised International Chapel Hill Consensus Conference Nomenclature of Vasculitides. Arthritis & Rheumatism. 2013;65(1):1–11. — doi:10.1002/art.37715
- Navarro-Sarabia F, Ariza-Ariza R, Hernández-Cruz B, Villanueva I. Adalimumab for Treating Rheumatoid Arthritis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2005;(3):CD005113. — doi:10.1002/14651858.CD005113.pub2
- Cohen SB, Emery P, Greenwald MW, et al. Rituximab for Rheumatoid Arthritis Refractory to Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor Therapy: Results of a Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase III Trial Evaluating Primary Efficacy and Safety at Twenty-Four Weeks (REFLEX). Arthritis & Rheumatism. 2006;54(9):2793–2806. — doi:10.1002/art.22025
- Maini R, St Clair EW, Breedveld F, et al. Infliximab (Chimeric Anti-Tumour Necrosis Factor Alpha Monoclonal Antibody) versus Placebo in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Receiving Concomitant Methotrexate: A Randomised Phase III Trial (ATTRACT). Lancet. 1999;354(9194):1932–1939. — doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(99)05246-0
- Navarra SV, Guzmán RM, Gallacher AE, et al. Efficacy and Safety of Belimumab in Patients with Active Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Randomised, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 3 Trial (BLISS-52). Lancet. 2011;377(9767):721–731. — doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61354-2
- Tashkin DP, Elashoff R, Clements PJ, et al. Cyclophosphamide versus Placebo in Scleroderma Lung Disease (Scleroderma Lung Study). New England Journal of Medicine. 2006;354(25):2655–2666. — doi:10.1056/NEJMoa055120
- Vitali C, Bombardieri S, Jonsson R, et al. Classification Criteria for Sjögren's Syndrome: A Revised Version of the European Criteria Proposed by the American-European Consensus Group. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. 2002;61(6):554–558. — doi:10.1136/ard.61.6.554
PubMed Topic Searches
Each link opens a live PubMed query so results stay current as new papers are indexed.
- PubMed: rheumatoid arthritis review
- PubMed: systemic lupus erythematosus review
- PubMed: osteoporosis review
- PubMed: gout management
- PubMed: ankylosing spondylitis review
- PubMed: sjogren syndrome review
- PubMed: raynaud phenomenon review
- PubMed: osteoarthritis review
- PubMed: autoimmune disease genetics
- PubMed: DMARD biologic therapy
- PubMed: HLA-B27 spondyloarthritis
- PubMed: TNF inhibitor rheumatology
Connections
- All Conditions
- Autoimmunity: When Defence Turns on You — interactive animation
- Gout: How Uric Acid Crystals Attack a Joint — interactive animation
- Fever & the Bodyβs Thermostat — interactive animation
- Immune Response — interactive animation
- Arthritis
- Lupus
- Osteoporosis
- Gout
- Ankylosing Spondylitis
- Sjogren's Syndrome
- Raynaud's Disease
- Polymyalgia Rheumatica
- Psoriatic Arthritis
- Vasculitis
- Reactive Arthritis
- Fibromyalgia
- Turmeric
- Herbs covered on this site that discuss conditions in this specialty: White Peony Root (Bai Shao) · Devil's Claw · Meadowsweet · Black Seed (Nigella sativa) · Boswellia · Horsetail
- Herbs
All Rheumatology Articles A–Z
Every article in this specialty, listed alphabetically.
- Adult-onset Still's Disease
- Ankylosing Spondylitis
- Anti-Synthetase Syndrome
- Antiphospholipid Syndrome
- Arthritis
- Axial Spondyloarthritis (nr-axSpA and Ankylosing Spondylitis)
- BehΓ§et's Disease
- Calcium Pyrophosphate Deposition Disease (CPPD, Pseudogout)
- Cryoglobulinemia
- Dermatomyositis
- Drug-Induced Lupus
- EGPA β Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis
- Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome
- Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF)
- Fibromyalgia
- Giant Cell Arteritis
- Gout
- Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (GPA)
- IgG4-Related Disease
- Inclusion Body Myositis
- Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA)
- Kawasaki Disease
- Lupus
- Marfan Syndrome
- Microscopic Polyangiitis (MPA)
- Mixed Connective Tissue Disease (MCTD)
- Osteoarthritis
- Osteoporosis
- Palindromic Rheumatism
- Polyarteritis Nodosa
- Polymyalgia Rheumatica
- Polymyositis
- Psoriatic Arthritis
- Raynaud's Disease
- Reactive Arthritis
- Relapsing Polychondritis
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Septic Arthritis
- Sjogren's Syndrome
- Systemic Sclerosis
- Takayasu Arteritis
- Vasculitis