Reproductive Medicine

Reproductive medicine deals with reproductive health, fertility, pregnancy-related conditions, and the hormonal transitions of perimenopause and menopause.

• Endometriosis (ectopic endometrial tissue, dysmenorrhea, laparoscopy)
  • Deep Dives: Diagnosis Delay & Imaging · Excision vs Ablation · Hormonal Options · Pelvic Floor & Central Sensitization · Adenomyosis Overlap · Endo Belly & Gut · Fertility · Diet & Lifestyle
• Gestational Diabetes (IADPSG criteria, glucose screening, insulin management)
• Infertility (male and female factors, IVF, assisted reproduction)
• Menopause & HRT (hormone therapy, WHI reassessment, transdermal estradiol, micronized progesterone)
  • Perimenopause Symptom Tracker & Hormonal Testing
  • Estradiol Formulations: Patch, Gel, Oral
  • Micronized Progesterone vs Synthetic Progestins
  • Testosterone Therapy for Women
  • Hot Flashes & Night Sweats
  • GSM & Vaginal Estrogen
  • HRT Risks: Breast Cancer, Clots, Stroke
  • Bone Loss Prevention & HRT
  • Non-Hormonal Options (SSRIs, Gabapentin, Fezolinetant)
• Ovarian Cysts (functional vs pathological, IOTA criteria, O-RADS, torsion)
• Perimenopause (the transition, hormonal chaos, cycle changes, treatment options)
• Preeclampsia (hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, HELLP syndrome, magnesium sulfate)
• Uterine Fibroids (FIGO classification, UAE, myomectomy, GnRH antagonists)

Table of Contents

• Research Papers
• Connections
• Featured Videos

Key Research Papers

Foundational and recent peer-reviewed publications across reproductive medicine — menopause and HRT, infertility and IVF, polycystic ovary syndrome, endometriosis, contraception, and hormonal therapy. Each citation links to the full text via DOI.

1. Rossouw JE, Anderson GL, Prentice RL, et al. Risks and Benefits of Estrogen Plus Progestin in Healthy Postmenopausal Women: Principal Results from the Women's Health Initiative Randomized Controlled Trial. JAMA. 2002;288(3):321–333.
2. Manson JE, Chlebowski RT, Stefanick ML, et al. Menopausal Hormone Therapy and Health Outcomes during the Intervention and Extended Poststopping Phases of the Women's Health Initiative Randomized Trials. JAMA. 2013;310(13):1353–1368.
3. The 2022 Hormone Therapy Position Statement of The North American Menopause Society Advisory Panel. Menopause. 2022;29(7):767–794.
4. Rotterdam ESHRE/ASRM-Sponsored PCOS Consensus Workshop Group. Revised 2003 Consensus on Diagnostic Criteria and Long-Term Health Risks Related to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Fertility and Sterility. 2004;81(1):19–25.
5. Teede HJ, Tay CT, Laven J, et al. Recommendations from the 2023 International Evidence-Based Guideline for the Assessment and Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Fertility and Sterility. 2023;120(4):767–793.
6. Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Endometriosis and Infertility: A Committee Opinion. Fertility and Sterility. 2012;98(3):591–598.
7. Steptoe PC, Edwards RG. Birth After the Reimplantation of a Human Embryo. Lancet. 1978;312(8085):366.
8. Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Definitions of Infertility and Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: A Committee Opinion. Fertility and Sterility. 2020;113(3):533–535.
9. Avis NE, Crawford SL, Greendale G, et al. Duration of Menopausal Vasomotor Symptoms over the Menopause Transition. JAMA Internal Medicine. 2015;175(4):531–539.
10. Bulun SE. Endometriosis. New England Journal of Medicine. 2009;360(3):268–279.
11. Anderson GL, Limacher M, Assaf AR, et al. Effects of Conjugated Equine Estrogen in Postmenopausal Women with Hysterectomy: The Women's Health Initiative Randomized Controlled Trial. JAMA. 2004;291(14):1701–1712.
12. Harman SM, Black DM, Naftolin F, et al. Arterial Imaging Outcomes and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Recently Menopausal Women: A Randomized Trial (KEEPS). Annals of Internal Medicine. 2014;161(4):249–260.
13. Hodis HN, Mack WJ, Henderson VW, et al. Vascular Effects of Early versus Late Postmenopausal Treatment with Estradiol (ELITE). New England Journal of Medicine. 2016;374(13):1221–1231.
14. Beral V; Million Women Study Collaborators. Ovarian Cancer and Hormone Replacement Therapy in the Million Women Study. Lancet. 2007;369(9574):1703–1710.
15. Brown J, Pan A, Hart RJ. Gonadotrophin-Releasing Hormone Analogues for Pain Associated with Endometriosis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2010;(12):CD008475.
16. Bensdorp AJ, Tjon-Kon-Fat RI, Bossuyt PMM, et al. Prevention of Multiple Pregnancies in Couples with Unexplained or Mild Male Subfertility: Randomised Controlled Trial of In Vitro Fertilisation with Single Embryo Transfer or In Vitro Fertilisation in Modified Natural Cycle Compared with Intrauterine Insemination with Controlled Ovarian Hyperstimulation. BMJ. 2015;350:h396.

Live PubMed Searches

Each link opens a live PubMed query so results stay current as new papers are indexed.

1. PubMed: reproductive medicine review
2. PubMed: infertility evaluation
3. PubMed: in vitro fertilization
4. PubMed: endometriosis
5. PubMed: polycystic ovary syndrome
6. PubMed: uterine fibroids
7. PubMed: perimenopause
8. PubMed: menopause hormone therapy
9. PubMed: preeclampsia
10. PubMed: gestational diabetes
11. PubMed: recurrent pregnancy loss
12. PubMed: ovarian reserve testing

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Connections

• Reproductive Medicine Index
• Endometriosis
• Infertility
• Perimenopause
• Menopause & HRT
• Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
• Ovarian Cysts
• Uterine Fibroids
• Vitamin D
• Magnesium

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