Cell Biology and Physiology
The People (11)
Ivan Pavlov
Russian physiologist (1849–1936) who mapped how the nervous system drives digestion, winning the 1904 Nobel, then discovered conditioned reflexes in his laboratory dogs.
Read the deep dive →Levi Montalcini Cohen
Italian physician Rita Levi-Montalcini and American biochemist Stanley Cohen discovered nerve growth factor and epidermal growth factor, sharing the 1986 Nobel Prize.
Read the deep dive →Claude deDuve Palade
Albert Claude, Christian de Duve and George Palade mapped the cell's interior by centrifuge and electron microscope, finding the lysosome and the ribosome (Nobel 1974).
Read the deep dive →Fischer Krebs
American physician Edwin Krebs and chemist Edmond Fischer showed in 1955 that a phosphate group switches proteins on and off, sharing the 1992 Nobel Prize.
Read the deep dive →Gunter Blobel
German-American cell biologist (1936–2018) who showed that every protein carries a built-in address label directing it within the cell, winning the unshared 1999 Nobel.
Read the deep dive →Hartwell Hunt Nurse
Leland Hartwell, Tim Hunt and Paul Nurse found the genes, cyclins and checkpoints that time cell division in yeast and sea urchins, sharing the 2001 Nobel.
Read the deep dive →Yoshinori Ohsumi
Japanese cell biologist (born 1945) who uncovered the yeast genes of autophagy, the cell's self-recycling program, and won the unshared 2016 Nobel Prize.
Read the deep dive →Neher Sakmann
Physicist Erwin Neher and physician Bert Sakmann, working in Göttingen, built the patch clamp and recorded current through a single ion channel (Nobel 1991).
Read the deep dive →Rothman Schekman Sudhof
James Rothman, Randy Schekman and Thomas Südhof worked out the vesicle machinery that addresses, delivers and times the cell's cargo, sharing the 2013 Nobel.
Read the deep dive →Shinya Yamanaka
Japanese orthopedic surgeon turned stem-cell scientist who in 2006 found four factors that reprogram adult cells into pluripotent stem cells, sharing the 2012 Nobel.
Read the deep dive →Kaelin Ratcliffe Semenza
William Kaelin, Peter Ratcliffe and Gregg Semenza discovered how cells sense oxygen through the HIF protein and its VHL off-switch, sharing the 2019 Nobel.
Read the deep dive →Everyone in this group is a Nobel laureate in Physiology or Medicine, grouped by what the prize was awarded for. How a single cell runs: ion channels, signalling, the cell cycle, vesicle traffic, autophagy, and how cells sense oxygen.
Connections
- All Notable Doctors
- Infection and Microbiology
- Genetics and Molecular Biology
- Immunology and Immunotherapy
- Metabolism and Nutrition
- Neuroscience and the Senses
- Medical Technology and Surgery
- Pharmacology
- Nutrition and Orthomolecular
- Contemporary Practitioners
- Public Health and Institutional Medicine