Malassezia Folliculitis: The Yeast Behind Fungal Acne

Malassezia folliculitis is an itchy rash of small, look-alike bumps caused by a yeast that already lives on almost everyone's skin. When that yeast multiplies inside hair follicles, the follicles become inflamed. Because the bumps sit on the chest, back, shoulders and sometimes the face, the rash is very often taken for acne, which is why it is nicknamed "fungal acne." It is not acne, and the treatments that help acne, especially antibiotics, do little for it. The Folliculitis page gives a short summary of this form alongside the bacterial ones. This page goes further: what the yeast is, why it overgrows, how the rash is told apart from acne, how each test performs, what the treatment studies found, how often the rash comes back, and what the drug labels say about the oral medicines used for it.

Table of Contents

  1. Malassezia Is a Yeast That Lives on Healthy Skin
  2. Why the Yeast Overgrows Inside Hair Follicles
  3. How the Rash Looks and Feels
  4. How It Differs From Acne Vulgaris
  5. How Antibiotics and Steroid Creams Can Make It Worse
  6. How It Is Diagnosed, Test by Test
  7. Treatments That Have Been Studied
  8. Relapse Is Common Once Treatment Stops
  9. What the Labels State About Oral Antifungals
  10. Children, Weakened Immunity and Darker Skin
  11. What Is Not Known
  12. Key Research Papers
  13. Connections
  14. Featured Videos

Malassezia Is a Yeast That Lives on Healthy Skin

Malassezia is a group of yeasts, a kind of single-celled fungus. A 2025 review by Chalupczak and Lipner counts more than 18 recognised species. Unlike most fungi, they cannot make certain fats for themselves, so they live where the skin produces oil (sebum) and feed on it. That is why they gather on the scalp, face, chest and upper back, the areas with the most oil glands.

These yeasts are not something a person "catches." The same review describes a study of 27 healthy newborns in which Malassezia was found on 89% of skin samples on the day of birth and on 100% the next day. Almost every adult carries them without any rash.

The species that matter most in this rash, according to the review, are M. globosa, M. restricta, M. furfur and M. sympodialis. A 2009 Japanese study (Akaza and colleagues) compared 32 people with Malassezia folliculitis and 40 healthy people, using both culture and a DNA test. The species found inside the inflamed follicles were the same ones found on the patients' normal skin and on the healthy volunteers. The authors concluded that the rash is caused by the person's own resident yeast, not by a strain picked up from outside.

The same genus causes other skin conditions. Tinea versicolor produces flat, scaly patches of lighter or darker skin, and seborrheic dermatitis produces greasy, flaking redness on the scalp and face. The difference in Malassezia folliculitis is where the yeast grows: deep in the follicle opening, where the hair comes out, rather than on the skin surface.

The name has changed over time. The condition was first described in 1969, and older papers call it Pityrosporum folliculitis, after the yeast's former name. Both names refer to the same rash.

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Why the Yeast Overgrows Inside Hair Follicles

The reviews describe the rash as a shift from harmless living-together to overgrowth. A 2020 critical review in the journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (Vlachos and colleagues) splits the triggers into two groups: those inside the body, such as a weakened immune system, and those outside it, such as high temperature, humidity and clothing that covers the skin. The 2025 review lists humidity, blocked follicles (occlusion), antibiotics and immune suppression as the host factors that let the yeast multiply. A 2026 review (Draelos and colleagues) names hot, humid weather, blocked hair follicles and a weakened immune system.

Heat and sweat

The condition is more common in hot climates. In one study of 48 people with the rash cited in the 2025 review, 83% worked in a warm environment and 71% said sweating made it worse. In a multicentre study from seven teaching hospitals in Indonesia (Niode and colleagues, 353 cases), most patients were men (66.3%) and the largest age group was 17 to 25 years (44.5%).

Oil and age

The rash is seen most often in teenagers and young adults, a pattern the 2025 review links to the higher output of the oil glands at those ages. A review of 15 studies of people with normal immunity (Green and colleagues, 2023) found that 64% of patients were male and the average age at presentation was about 24.

Antibiotics and steroids

Antibiotics and corticosteroid medicines appear again and again in the patient histories, and they are covered in their own section below. In short, both are linked with overgrowth of the yeast and with the rash being mistaken for something else.

A weakened immune system

The rash is reported in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), organ transplant recipients and people taking corticosteroids. A 2000 report (Rhie and colleagues) describes 11 heart transplant recipients on standard three-drug immune suppression who developed the rash over just four months. A systematic review of 50 patients with weakened immunity, summarised in the 2025 review, found that the rash started after immune-suppressing treatment began, or after the immune system became weak, in 94.1% of them.

How the yeast causes inflammation

Laboratory work summarised in the 2025 review describes Malassezia prompting skin cells to release inflammatory signalling proteins (such as interleukin-8 and tumour necrosis factor) through a sensor called Toll-like receptor 2, and setting off the complement system, part of the body's defences. The itch and redness are the visible result of this immune reaction around the follicle.

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How the Rash Looks and Feels

The 2025 review describes the typical rash as mildly itchy, red or skin-coloured bumps and small pus spots, 1 to 2 millimetres across, each centred on a hair follicle. Dermatologists call the pattern monomorphic: the bumps are all about the same size and look alike. Scratch marks and darkened skin are common.

The usual sites, from several studies:

Itch is the symptom most patients mention. It was reported by 65% of the 110 patients in the Prindaville review, by 71.7% across the 15-study review, and by 83.9% in the Indonesian series. Not everyone itches, though: in the 48-patient study cited above, 37 reported itch and 11 had none at all.

The rash tends to last. In a 2007 French series of 26 patients (Lévy and colleagues), people with normal immunity had had the rash for an average of 61 months before it was diagnosed. In a Singapore series (Yong and colleagues), most patients had symptoms lasting more than one month.

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How It Differs From Acne Vulgaris

Ordinary acne (acne vulgaris) and Malassezia folliculitis both produce bumps in oily areas, and they can occur in the same person at the same time. The reviews describe several features that tell them apart.

How often the two overlap

Two studies looked for the yeast in people already diagnosed with acne. In the Thai study, 28.8% of 320 acne patients had Malassezia folliculitis: 24.7% had both conditions, and 4.1% had only the yeast rash. In a Turkish study of 217 acne patients (Pürnak and colleagues, 2018), 55 people (25.3%) met the study's microscope definition of Malassezia folliculitis. The 2026 review adds that the condition is more common in people diagnosed with acne than in the general population.

A 2005 report (Ayers and colleagues) describes 6 teenage girls who had both conditions at once. All improved with antifungal treatment, and all also needed ongoing acne treatment. The authors wrote that the yeast rash often worsens with traditional acne therapy.

Other look-alikes named in the 2025 review include rosacea (which brings flushing and visible small blood vessels), bacterial folliculitis (usually more tender and more localised), gram-negative folliculitis around the mouth and jaw after long antibiotic courses, and steroid-induced acne-like eruptions.

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How Antibiotics and Steroid Creams Can Make It Worse

Antibiotics

The 2025 review states that systemic antibiotics are almost always ineffective for this rash and may make it worse. The proposed reason is that they disturb the normal mix of microbes on the skin, removing bacteria that compete with the yeast and letting it overgrow. Prolonged antibiotic courses can also calm inflammation for a while, which confuses the picture, and the rash then flares again when they stop.

The patient histories reflect this. In the Prindaville review of 110 young patients, more than 75% had acne that had recently been treated with antibiotics, and the authors concluded that, unlike classic acne, the yeast rash was more common after antibiotic use. In the French series, 65% of patients had already been given topical or oral antibiotics or anti-acne drugs, and these were ineffective in every case. In the review of 15 studies, 40.5% of patients reported earlier treatments that had not worked.

Corticosteroids

The 2025 review describes topical corticosteroid creams as giving short-lived relief, usually followed by a rebound flare when they stop. Steroid creams can also change how the bumps look, which makes the correct diagnosis harder. It describes a case in which a steroid cream flattened the bumps and left dark marks.

Steroid tablets are linked too. In a study of 34 people diagnosed with steroid acne, cited in the same review, 76% (26 people) had Malassezia visible under the microscope. The authors suggest the yeast may play a part in some acne-like eruptions caused by steroids.

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How It Is Diagnosed, Test by Test

The 2025 review describes the diagnosis as mainly clinical: the look of the rash, where it is, the itch, and a history of failed acne treatment. Tests are used to confirm it, especially when the rash has not responded to acne treatment. A 2023 position statement from the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology Mycology Task Force sets out which positive findings its expert group requires before treatment starts. As summarised in the 2025 review, the group recommends a clinical examination plus a direct microscope examination, and supports treatment on clinical grounds alone where a microscope is not available.

A key problem runs through every test. Because almost everyone carries Malassezia, finding the yeast on the skin does not by itself prove it is causing the rash. Several of the tests try to show that large numbers of yeast are inside the follicle.

Potassium hydroxide microscopy

Material from a bump is placed on a glass slide with potassium hydroxide (KOH), which dissolves skin cells and leaves fungal cells visible. The 2025 review calls it the most accessible and lowest-cost test. Its performance varies between studies:

The 2020 Vlachos review notes that a sample taken by tape stripping or with a comedo extractor (a small tool that presses out the follicle contents) usually shows round yeast cells budding from one end, without the threads (hyphae) that are typical of tinea versicolor. That is one reason the "spaghetti and meatballs" picture described on the tinea versicolor page is not the usual finding here.

Stained smears

Staining the same kind of sample can make the yeast easier to see. In the Durdu study, a May-Grünwald-Giemsa stained smear was positive in 100% of the 49 cases, compared with 81.6% for potassium hydroxide. The Thai study used methylene blue staining, and the Singapore series confirmed 214 of 375 suspected cases (57.1%) with a Gram stain.

Wood's lamp

A Wood's lamp is a handheld ultraviolet (UV) light used in a darkened room. Affected follicles may glow yellow-green. In the Durdu study, the glow was seen in 66.7% of patients, and in the Indonesian series 69.1% were positive. The 2025 review notes that the glow is not specific to Malassezia or to any one species, so it supports the diagnosis but does not prove it.

Dermoscopy and ultraviolet dermoscopy

Dermoscopy uses a lighted magnifier held against the skin. In a series of 15 patients described in the 2025 review, scale was the most common finding (73.3%), followed by a pale hair shaft in the affected follicle (60%) and bumps resembling keratosis pilaris (53.3%). A newer version uses ultraviolet light. In a multicentre study of 208 patients with various skin conditions (Errichetti and colleagues), Malassezia folliculitis showed a blue glow confined to the follicles. The 2025 review reports from that study that 11 of 13 patients (84.6%) had this glow, a sensitivity of 84.6% and a specificity of 100%. Acne, by contrast, usually shows no such blue glow.

Culture and DNA tests

The 2025 review states that fungal culture is generally not recommended. Malassezia needs special oil-containing growth media, and a positive culture may only show the normal resident yeast. DNA (polymerase chain reaction) tests can identify the species but, for the same reason, cannot show that the yeast has turned harmful. They are not yet widely used.

Skin biopsy

A small sample of skin examined under the microscope is described in the 2025 review as possibly the most definitive test. It can show yeast inside the follicle with inflammation around it. In a Korean study of 52 patients (An and colleagues, 2019), fungal spores inside the follicle opening were the finding most consistent with Malassezia folliculitis, while inflammation inside the follicle, irregular plugs of keratin and fragments of broken cell nuclei pointed instead to an acne-like eruption.

A biopsy can also miss the yeast. In a Korean study of 100 people with folliculitis (Song and colleagues, 2014), 20 were first diagnosed with Malassezia folliculitis. Cutting the remaining samples into 10 serial slices found yeast in 10 more, and a special stain (diastase periodic acid–Schiff) found it in 6 more. In total, 16 diagnoses changed. Results also differ between methods: in the French series, direct microscopy was positive more often than biopsy (89% versus 33%). In a Saudi Arabian series of 62 patients (Abdel-Razek and colleagues, 1995), the biopsy was positive in 87%.

Response to antifungal treatment

The 2025 review lists a good response to antifungal treatment as one of the findings that supports the diagnosis. The 2026 review warns that interest in "fungal acne" on social media has led some people to apply antifungal products without a confirmed diagnosis.

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Treatments That Have Been Studied

The 2025 review notes that treatment studies are few and mostly small. The 2020 systematic review by Vlachos and colleagues found 21 studies that met its criteria for judging treatments. The figures below are what each study reported. They are not a treatment plan. Doses are given only as the studies used them.

Topical azoles and other skin treatments

The azoles are a family of antifungal drugs that includes ketoconazole, econazole, miconazole, clotrimazole, itraconazole and fluconazole. Results with azole creams, lotions and washes vary widely between studies:

Selenium sulfide and propylene glycol

The 2025 review describes an open-label study of 51 patients. After 4 weeks, 80% of those using selenium disulfide 2% shampoo once a week had recovered (20 of 25). The figure was 75% with 50% propylene glycol twice a day and 70% with econazole cream. After 4 more weeks, the figures were 88%, 100% and 80%. Many patients relapsed after stopping, although the review gives no exact number. In the heart transplant series, a topical combination of clotrimazole 1% and selenium sulfide lotion worked in 6 of the 11 patients.

Oral itraconazole

Oral fluconazole

The evidence for fluconazole comes from case series rather than controlled trials. In the heart transplant series, the 5 patients who did not respond to topical treatment took fluconazole, and all lesions resolved within 3 weeks. In the Prindaville review, 16 patients took oral fluconazole and, as the 2025 review summarises it, all improved.

Oral ketoconazole in older studies

In the Saudi Arabian study, oral ketoconazole 200 mg a day plus ketoconazole 2% shampoo daily cleared the rash in all 20 patients (100%), while oral ketoconazole alone cleared it in 15 of 20 (75%). In the French series, oral ketoconazole alone or combined with the topical form cured 75%. The label safety section below explains why oral ketoconazole tablets now carry a boxed warning.

Oral versus topical

Across the 15-study review of people with normal immunity, treatment was most successful with an oral antifungal (92%), followed by a topical antifungal (81.6%). The 2015 Danish guideline states that oral treatment is probably more effective than topical treatment, but that a combination may be favourable. The 2023 European position statement, as summarised in the 2025 review, lists topical treatments as first-line for people with normal immunity: azoles, ciclopirox, propylene glycol, zinc or selenium disulfide. It lists oral itraconazole and fluconazole for people with weakened immunity, and suggests a 2- to 4-week trial aimed at clear improvement rather than complete clearing.

Acne treatments and other options

The 2026 review suggests that benzoyl peroxide and retinoids, which act on mechanisms the two conditions share (more skin oil, the fat-splitting enzyme lipase, and inflammation), may help, and states that this needs further study. For oral isotretinoin, the 2025 review describes three case reports with mixed results: one patient improved after 20 weeks, one cleared completely after 5 months, and one showed no improvement after 3 months. The same review notes that isotretinoin causes birth defects. In a pilot study of photodynamic therapy (a light-activated treatment) in 6 people with stubborn cases, 3 improved.

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Relapse Is Common Once Treatment Stops

Clearing the rash and keeping it away are two different problems. The 2025 review describes a chronic, relapsing course: the rash responds quickly to antifungals, but recurrences are frequent. The 2025 abstract states that relapses are common.

The 2025 review states that no study has directly compared maintenance approaches. The approaches described in the literature are intermittent use of the same topical antifungals, applied less often than during active treatment, together with changes to the things that set the rash off: sweat, skin covered by tight or non-breathing clothing, and unnecessary antibiotic courses. The 2015 Danish guideline states that maintenance treatment is often necessary to prevent relapse in the related Malassezia conditions.

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What the Labels State About Oral Antifungals

The oral antifungals used in these studies are prescription drugs approved in the United States for other infections. Malassezia folliculitis is not among the uses listed on the itraconazole capsule or fluconazole tablet labels. Their use for this rash is off-label, a point the 2025 review raises when it notes that access to off-label treatments may be limited. The facts below come from the United States prescribing information published on DailyMed by the National Library of Medicine.

Itraconazole capsules

Fluconazole tablets

Ketoconazole tablets

Oral ketoconazole, used in several of the older studies above, carries a boxed warning. It states that the tablets are not indicated for skin infections caused by dermatophyte fungi, for Candida infections or for nail fungus. They are to be used only when other effective antifungal treatment is unavailable or not tolerated. The warning reports serious liver injury, including deaths and cases needing liver transplantation, sometimes in people with no obvious risk factors. It also lists dangerous heart-rhythm interactions with drugs including methadone, quinidine and pimozide.

The 2025 review lists active liver disease, markedly raised liver enzymes, past liver injury from antifungals and interactions with drugs processed by the liver as reasons oral antifungals are not used. The 2023 European position statement includes a separate treatment pathway for people with impaired liver function. Decisions about these medicines belong with a prescribing clinician.

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Children, Weakened Immunity and Darker Skin

Children and teenagers

A 2024 review in Pediatric Dermatology (Chang and Stein) covers the Malassezia-linked conditions seen from infancy to adolescence. These are tinea versicolor, Malassezia folliculitis, infant and adolescent seborrheic dermatitis, head and neck dermatitis, and a pimple-like rash of newborns called neonatal cephalic pustulosis. The review covers how each looks across different skin colours. The Prindaville review of 110 patients covered only people aged 0 to 21, and the teenage-girl series showed the yeast rash and acne occurring together.

Weakened immunity

The heart transplant series and the 50-patient systematic review show the rash following immune suppression. In that review, as reported in the 2025 summary, improvement was seen in 16 of 18 people treated with oral antifungals (88.9%), in 12 of 13 treated with topical ones (92.3%), and in all 6 whose underlying condition was treated. The 2025 review also describes a study of 185 people with HIV, of whom 25 (13.5%) had a Malassezia infection and 4 of those were diagnosed with Malassezia folliculitis.

Darker skin

The 2025 review states that the rash can be harder to recognise on darker skin. There, dark marks left by inflammation hide the redness, and the rash can be mistaken for follicular eczema, acne or keratosis pilaris. It notes that data on darker skin are very limited, mostly single case reports. In such cases, it says, the diagnosis leans on itch, uniform bumps in oily areas and the absence of blackheads and whiteheads.

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What Is Not Known

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Key Research Papers

  1. Chalupczak NV, Lipner SR. Malassezia Folliculitis: An Underdiagnosed Mimicker of Acneiform Eruptions. J Fungi (Basel). 2025;11(9):662. PubMed PMID: 41003208
  2. Draelos ZD, Barbieri JS, Tanghetti EA, Farris P, Lain ET, Prevete S, Choi SY, Wroblewski K, Baldwin H, Kircik LH. Malassezia Folliculitis Presentation, Diagnosis, and Treatment: A Review of "Fungal Acne". J Drugs Dermatol. 2026;25(5):427-434. PubMed PMID: 42081639
  3. Chang CH, Stein SL. Malassezia-associated skin diseases in the pediatric population. Pediatr Dermatol. 2024;41(5):769-779. PubMed PMID: 38776177
  4. Vlachos C, Henning MAS, Gaitanis G, Faergemann J, Saunte DM. Critical synthesis of available data in Malassezia folliculitis and a systematic review of treatments. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2020;34(8):1672-1683. PubMed PMID: 32012377
  5. Henning MAS, Hay R, Rodriguez-Cerdeira C, Szepietowski JC, Piraccini BM, Ferreirós MP, Arabatzis M, Sergeev A, Nenoff P, Kotrekhova L, Nowicki RJ, Faergemann J, Padovese V, Prohic A, Skerlev M, Schmid-Grendelmeier P, Sigurgeirsson B, Gaitanis G, Lecerf P, Saunte DML. Position statement: Recommendations on the diagnosis and treatment of Malassezia folliculitis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2023;37(7):1268-1275. PubMed PMID: 36912427
  6. Hald M, Arendrup MC, Svejgaard EL, Lindskov R, Foged EK, Saunte DM; Danish Society of Dermatology. Evidence-based Danish guidelines for the treatment of Malassezia-related skin diseases. Acta Derm Venereol. 2015;95(1):12-9. PubMed PMID: 24556907
  7. Green M, Feschuk AM, Kashetsky N, Maibach HI. Clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of Pityrosporum folliculitis in immunocompetent patients. Arch Dermatol Res. 2023;315(6):1497-1509. PubMed PMID: 36517586
  8. Prindaville B, Belazarian L, Levin NA, Wiss K. Pityrosporum folliculitis: A retrospective review of 110 cases. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2018;78(3):511-514. PubMed PMID: 29138059
  9. Paichitrojjana A, Chalermchai T. The Prevalence, Associated Factors, and Clinical Characterization of Malassezia folliculitis in Patients Clinically Diagnosed with Acne Vulgaris. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2022;15:2647-2654. PubMed PMID: 36531566
  10. Pürnak S, Durdu M, Tekindal MA, Güleç AT, Seçkin D. The Prevalence of Malassezia Folliculitis in Patients with Papulopustular/Comedonal Acne, and Their Response to Antifungal Treatment. Skinmed. 2018;16(2):99-104. PubMed PMID: 29911526
  11. Durdu M, Güran M, Ilkit M. Epidemiological characteristics of Malassezia folliculitis and use of the May-Grünwald-Giemsa stain to diagnose the infection. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2013;76(4):450-7. PubMed PMID: 23706503
  12. Niode NJ, Suling PL, Adji A, Miranda E, Bramono K, Astari L, Ervianti E, Sondakh ORL, Rusmawardiana, Yenny SW, Widasmara D, Lubis FM, Widaty S. Clinico-laboratory findings of Malassezia folliculitis in Indonesia: A multicentre study. Mycoses. 2022;65(10):953-959. PubMed PMID: 35920036
  13. Errichetti E, Pietkiewicz P, Bhat YJ, Salwowska N, Szlązak P, Stinco G. Diagnostic accuracy of ultraviolet-induced fluorescence dermoscopy in non-neoplastic dermatoses (general dermatology): A multicentric retrospective comparative study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2025;39(1):97-108. PubMed PMID: 38288676
  14. An MK, Hong EH, Cho EB, Park EJ, Kim KH, Kim KJ. Clinicopathological differentiation between Pityrosporum folliculitis and acneiform eruption. J Dermatol. 2019;46(11):978-984. PubMed PMID: 31489692
  15. Song HS, Kim SK, Kim YC. Comparison between Malassezia Folliculitis and Non-Malassezia Folliculitis. Ann Dermatol. 2014;26(5):598-602. PubMed PMID: 25324652
  16. Akaza N, Akamatsu H, Sasaki Y, Kishi M, Mizutani H, Sano A, Hirokawa K, Nakata S, Nishijima S, Matsunaga K. Malassezia folliculitis is caused by cutaneous resident Malassezia species. Med Mycol. 2009;47(6):618-24. PubMed PMID: 18949624
  17. Lévy A, Feuilhade de Chauvin M, Dubertret L, Morel P, Flageul B. [Malassezia folliculitis: characteristics and therapeutic response in 26 patients]. Ann Dermatol Venereol. 2007;134(11):823-8. PubMed PMID: 18033060
  18. Abdel-Razek M, Fadaly G, Abdel-Raheim M, al-Morsy F. Pityrosporum (Malassezia) folliculitis in Saudi Arabia--diagnosis and therapeutic trials. Clin Exp Dermatol. 1995;20(5):406-9. PubMed PMID: 8593718
  19. Parsad D, Saini R, Negi KS. Short term treatment of pityrosporum folliculitis with itraconazole. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 1999;65(3):122-3. PubMed PMID: 20921630
  20. Suzuki C, Hase M, Shimoyama H, Sei Y. Treatment Outcomes for Malassezia Folliculitis in the Dermatology Department of a University Hospital in Japan. Med Mycol J. 2016;57(3):E63-6. PubMed PMID: 27581777
  21. Rhie S, Turcios R, Buckley H, Suh B. Clinical features and treatment of Malassezia folliculitis with fluconazole in orthotopic heart transplant recipients. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2000;19(2):215-9. PubMed PMID: 10703699
  22. Ayers K, Sweeney SM, Wiss K. Pityrosporum folliculitis: diagnosis and management in 6 female adolescents with acne vulgaris. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2005;159(1):64-7. PubMed PMID: 15630060
  23. Yong AM, Tan SY, Tan CL. An update on pityrosporum folliculitis in Singapore from a single tertiary care dermatological centre. Singapore Med J. 2021;62(10):526-528. PubMed PMID: 32349197
  24. Wang N, Yan T, Mei X, Liu J, Lei Y, Yang C. Cold atmospheric plasma therapy for Malassezia folliculitis: Laboratory investigations and a randomized clinical trial. Skin Res Technol. 2024;30(7):e13850. PubMed PMID: 38979986

Drug label facts: United States prescribing information for itraconazole capsules, fluconazole tablets and ketoconazole tablets, DailyMed, National Library of Medicine.

PubMed Topic Searches

  1. PubMed: Malassezia folliculitis
  2. PubMed: Pityrosporum folliculitis and acne
  3. PubMed: Malassezia folliculitis and itraconazole
  4. PubMed: Malassezia folliculitis diagnosis and microscopy

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