Biotin Lab-Test Interference — The Most Underappreciated Supplement Safety Issue in Clinical Practice

Table of Contents

1. The Scale of the Problem
2. The Mechanism — Why Biotin Breaks Immunoassays
3. Thyroid — The Graves' Disease Mimic
4. Troponin — The Missed Heart Attack
5. hCG — The Missed Ectopic Pregnancy
6. Hormone Panels — Cortisol, Parathyroid Hormone, Sex Hormones
7. Tumor Markers — Prostate-Specific Antigen, CA-125, Alpha-Fetoprotein
8. 25(OH)D, Ferritin, and Other Routine Tests
9. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration 2017 and 2019 Safety Communications
10. Washout Periods — What Is Known
11. High-Risk Scenarios for People Taking Biotin
12. Assay Manufacturers' Response — Biotin-Free Platforms
13. Patient FAQ
14. Critical Cautions Summary
15. Key Research Papers
16. Connections
17. Featured Videos

The Scale of the Problem

Biotin is the only common over-the-counter dietary supplement that interferes with hospital laboratory chemistry at consumer-typical doses. To understand the scale of exposure:

• Estimated 20-30% of US adults take a supplement containing biotin at any given time, most often as part of a hair-skin-nails or multivitamin product
• Typical doses in over-the-counter products: 1,000-10,000 mcg per serving — that is 33× to 333× the Adequate Intake (30 mcg/day)
• Doses used in multiple sclerosis (MS) clinical trials and protocols: 300,000 mcg (300 mg) per day — 10,000× the Adequate Intake (AI)
• Streptavidin-biotin chemistry is used in immunoassay analyzers from several major manufacturers and underlies hundreds of distinct clinical tests
• Therefore: at any given moment, tens of millions of Americans are circulating supplement-derived biotin at concentrations capable of distorting their next hospital lab test

The clinically significant cases — misdiagnoses leading to inappropriate treatment, or correct diagnoses missed because the lab read normal — are by definition under-counted because they typically come to light only when a careful clinician retrospectively connects the dots. The published literature contains hundreds of case reports; the true frequency is unknown and almost certainly much higher.

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The Mechanism — Why Biotin Breaks Immunoassays

To understand the interference, you have to understand how modern automated immunoassays work. Most hospital laboratories run two designs:

Sandwich (immunometric) assay — used for hormones with large molecules: Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone, hCG, Parathyroid Hormone, troponin, tumor markers

1. A capture antibody is conjugated to biotin. It is added to the patient's blood sample.
2. Patient analyte (e.g., thyroid-stimulating hormone) binds the capture antibody.
3. A detection antibody — conjugated to a signal-generating molecule (chemiluminescent, fluorescent, enzyme) — binds a different epitope on the same analyte.
4. The mixture is then exposed to a streptavidin-coated solid phase (a magnetic bead, a microwell, etc.) Streptavidin is a protein with extremely high affinity for biotin (Kd ~10^-15 M, one of the strongest non-covalent bonds in biology). The streptavidin captures the biotinylated antibody (with the analyte and detection antibody attached), pulls it out of solution, and the signal is read.
5. Signal intensity is proportional to analyte concentration. More analyte = more captured sandwich = higher signal.

If the patient has free biotin circulating in their blood, that biotin competes with the biotinylated capture antibody for streptavidin binding sites. Some of the streptavidin sites are occupied by free biotin instead of the capture-antibody complex. The complex is washed away. Signal is artificially reduced. The assay reads falsely LOW.

Competitive assay — used for small molecules: T4, T3, cortisol, sex hormones, 25(OH)D

1. A biotinylated analyte analog competes with the patient's actual analyte for a limited number of detection-antibody binding sites.
2. The streptavidin solid phase captures both bound and unbound biotinylated analog.
3. Signal is generated only by the bound detection antibody. More patient analyte = less analog captured = LESS signal. The relationship is inverse.

If the patient has free biotin, it again competes with the biotinylated analog for streptavidin. The biotinylated analog is washed away. Less analog is captured. The assay reads as if there is more patient analyte present. The assay reads falsely HIGH.

Net effect across both assay types:

• Sandwich assays (thyroid-stimulating hormone, hCG, parathyroid hormone (PTH), troponin, tumor markers) — biotin causes FALSELY LOW results
• Competitive assays (T4, T3, cortisol, testosterone, estradiol, 25(OH)D) — biotin causes FALSELY HIGH results

This is why biotin interference on a thyroid panel produces the exact pattern of Graves' disease: thyroid-stimulating hormone (sandwich assay) reads falsely LOW + free T4 (competitive assay) reads falsely HIGH. The endocrine pattern looks identical to true hyperthyroidism.

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Thyroid — The Graves' Disease Mimic

Thyroid function testing is the most commonly affected by biotin interference because (a) thyroid panels are among the most frequently ordered tests in medicine, and (b) the pattern of interference perfectly mimics the most aggressive form of hyperthyroidism.

The pattern

• Thyroid-stimulating hormone: undetectable or very low (false — sandwich assay reads low)
• Free T4: high or very high (false — competitive assay reads high)
• Free T3: high or very high (false — competitive assay reads high)
• Thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antibody (TRAb): can also read falsely high on assays that use streptavidin-biotin chemistry — Barbesino (2016) found an elevated TSH receptor binding inhibiting antibody level in his biotin-taking patient
• Patient is asymptomatic or has only mild non-specific symptoms (mild anxiety, palpitations from caffeine, etc.)

What goes wrong clinically

Published cases include children treated with high-dose biotin (Kummer 2016, New England Journal of Medicine) and a patient with progressive multiple sclerosis taking biotin megadoses (Barbesino 2016). The U.S. Food and Drug Administration notes that supplements sold for hair, skin and nails can carry biotin at levels that interfere with lab tests, so the same Graves'-mimicking pattern can appear in anyone taking them who has thyroid testing for any reason. The patient is referred to endocrinology. Without anyone asking about supplements, the endocrinologist might:

• Start methimazole (antithyroid drug) — will cause hypothyroidism if continued
• Order a radioiodine uptake scan — will be normal (which is the first clue that something is off)
• If the scan is misread or skipped, recommend radioactive iodine ablation — an irreversible destruction of the thyroid gland leaving the patient hypothyroid for life and requiring lifelong levothyroxine replacement

The literature contains multiple cases where patients received inappropriate antithyroid drugs, inappropriate beta-blockers, inappropriate workup for thyroid storm, and in the most extreme reports inappropriate thyroid ablation, all because the biotin in their hair supplement was creating a Graves'-mimicking lab pattern.

The fix

A positive thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antibody (TRAb) result does not rule biotin out: Barbesino (2016) lists TSH receptor binding inhibiting antibody among the assays biotin interferes with, so the antibody can mimic Graves' disease too. In his patient the clues were the absence of any symptoms of hyperthyroidism and a medication review that found biotin megadoses; temporarily stopping biotin brought every abnormal result back to normal.

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Troponin — The Missed Heart Attack

Cardiac troponin (cardiac troponin T and troponin I) is the gold-standard biomarker for myocardial injury. A patient presenting to the emergency department with chest pain receives serial troponin measurements; if elevated, the diagnosis is acute myocardial infarction and the patient is admitted, anticoagulated, and goes to the catheterization lab. If serial troponins remain normal, the patient is discharged.

Troponin is measured by sandwich immunoassay. Biotin interference produces falsely low troponin. This means a patient on high-dose biotin who is actually having a heart attack can present with normal-appearing troponins, leading to discharge from the emergency department with the catastrophic outcome the test was designed to prevent.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration's November 2017 safety communication reported that one patient taking high levels of biotin died following falsely low troponin test results when a troponin test known to have biotin interference was used. Its November 2019 update added that the agency continues to receive adverse event reports of biotin interference causing falsely low troponin results.

What changes the picture for a patient on biotin who has chest pain or any symptom that might prompt troponin measurement:

• The emergency team knowing about the biotin before any blood draw — the FDA asks health care providers to tell the lab when a patient takes biotin
• The dose and the time of the last dose
• The lab can run an alternative troponin platform (some assays are biotin-resistant) or a different cardiac biomarker (CK-MB has been around longer and is not biotin-vulnerable)
• Serial measurements with the lab informed of the biotin exposure allow the clinician to track troponin dynamics even with an absolute bias in the level

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hCG — The Missed Ectopic Pregnancy

Quantitative beta-hCG measurement is used to confirm pregnancy, follow early pregnancy viability (the 48-hour doubling rule), diagnose ectopic pregnancy, monitor gestational trophoblastic disease, and detect certain tumors. It is a sandwich immunoassay. Biotin produces falsely low hCG.

The clinically dangerous scenario: a woman of reproductive age on biotin presents with abdominal pain and missed menses. Her quantitative beta-hCG returns low (or undetectable). She is told she is not pregnant. The actual diagnosis is ectopic pregnancy. The delay in correct diagnosis can be measured in hours that determine whether the patient experiences tubal rupture, hemorrhage, and emergency surgery vs medical management with methotrexate.

When a woman of reproductive age on biotin has sudden abdominal symptoms and her hCG returns surprisingly low, biotin interference is one explanation for the low reading.

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Hormone Panels — Cortisol, Parathyroid Hormone, Sex Hormones

Endocrine workups span both sandwich (parathyroid hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), anti-TPO, anti-Tg) and competitive (cortisol, testosterone, estradiol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), progesterone) assays. Biotin distorts both. Specific scenarios:

• Parathyroid hormone (PTH): sandwich assay — falsely low. A patient on high-dose biotin with hypercalcemia and a low parathyroid hormone might appear to have non-PTH-mediated hypercalcemia (malignancy workup triggered) when the real picture was primary hyperparathyroidism.
• Cortisol: competitive assay — falsely high. Can mimic Cushing's syndrome.
• Adrenocorticotropic hormone: sandwich assay — falsely low. Combined with falsely high cortisol, mimics adrenal Cushing's.
• Testosterone, estradiol, DHEA-S: competitive assays — falsely high. Can falsely suggest androgen-secreting tumors or hyperandrogenism.
• Anti-thyroid peroxidase, anti-thyroglobulin: sandwich — falsely low. Can falsely "rule out" autoimmune thyroiditis.
• 25-hydroxyvitamin D: competitive — falsely high. A patient with actual vitamin D deficiency may have her supplementation discontinued because the level reads normal-high.
• Aldosterone, renin: can be affected on some platforms; primary aldosteronism workups can be distorted.

An endocrinology consultation in a biotin user can be read correctly only when the consultant knows about the biotin first.

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Tumor Markers — Prostate-Specific Antigen, CA-125, Alpha-Fetoprotein

Tumor markers are usually sandwich assays. Biotin produces falsely low results.

• Prostate-specific antigen (PSA): Falsely low. A man on biotin with rising prostate-specific antigen from prostate cancer can have his prostate-specific antigen read normal, delaying biopsy and diagnosis.
• CA-125 (ovarian cancer marker): Falsely low. A woman on biotin with recurrent ovarian cancer can have monitoring CA-125 read normal during active recurrence.
• Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP): Falsely low. Both hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance and germ-cell tumor monitoring are affected. Prenatal screening for neural tube defects uses alpha-fetoprotein and is similarly affected.
• Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), CA 19-9, beta-2 microglobulin, thyroglobulin: All sandwich assays. All falsely low.

The thyroglobulin issue is especially poignant: patients with treated thyroid cancer are monitored for recurrence with serial thyroglobulin measurements. Falsely low thyroglobulin from biotin masks recurrence. A patient taking biotin for hair growth might have her recurrence missed for a full cycle of monitoring, allowing the disease to progress further before correct detection.

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25(OH)D, Ferritin, and Other Routine Tests

The interference is not limited to high-stakes hospital tests. Routine outpatient labs are also affected:

• 25(OH)D: typically competitive assay — falsely high. The vitamin D status of a biotin user is likely systematically overestimated.
• Ferritin: sandwich assay on most platforms — falsely low. A patient with iron deficiency may have her ferritin look more abnormal than it is (often clinically irrelevant since low ferritin is already abnormal, but the magnitude can be off).
• B12 and folate: competitive on most platforms — falsely high. A B12-deficient patient on biotin may have her B12 deficiency masked.
• Free testosterone (calculated from total testosterone + sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG)): total testosterone competitive assay falsely high, sex hormone-binding globulin sandwich falsely low — the calculated free testosterone is doubly elevated.
• Insulin: sandwich on most platforms — falsely low. Can affect insulin resistance assessment, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) calculation.
• C-peptide: sandwich — falsely low. Type 1 vs type 2 diabetes classification can be affected.
• Anti-HIV, anti-HCV serologies on some platforms: can be affected, with false negatives reported in case literature.

Glucose, basic electrolytes, blood counts, and most chemistries are NOT immunoassay-based and are unaffected.

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The U.S. Food and Drug Administration 2017 and 2019 Safety Communications

November 2017 communication

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration issued its first formal safety communication titled "The FDA Warns that Biotin May Interfere with Lab Tests: FDA Safety Communication" (November 28, 2017). It reported an increase in adverse events, including one death, related to biotin interference with lab tests. The communication acknowledged that biotin was an underrecognized cause of incorrect lab results, identified the streptavidin-biotin assay mechanism, listed affected test categories (especially thyroid and troponin), and recommended that patients inform their healthcare providers about biotin use.

November 2019 update

On November 5, 2019 the U.S. Food and Drug Administration updated its 2017 communication. The update stated that:

• The agency continues to receive adverse event reports indicating biotin interference caused falsely low troponin results
• Since 2017 some lab test developers have mitigated biotin interference in their assays, while others have not yet addressed it; the agency posted a list of troponin assays where the risk had not yet been addressed
• Many supplements contain 20 mg of biotin and some up to 100 mg per pill; physicians may recommend up to 300 mg per day for conditions such as multiple sclerosis, and specimens from people taking up to 300 mg per day may contain up to 1,200 ng/mL biotin
• Health care providers are asked to talk to patients about biotin supplements and to tell the lab when a patient takes biotin; lab staff are asked to ask whether the patient takes biotin
• Lab test developers are asked to investigate interference from biotin up to at least 1,200 ng/mL in their assays
• Sufficient information is not available to know whether stopping biotin for any number of hours before testing prevents incorrect results

The communication did not lead to any regulatory action against biotin supplements themselves (which remain regulated as dietary supplements under the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994 (DSHEA), with no safety review requirement). Consumer-side awareness remains low.

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Washout Periods — What Is Known

Biotin elimination follows first-order pharmacokinetics. Half-life is approximately 1.8 hours after oral dosing. How long biotin has to be stopped before an affected test is not settled:

• The U.S. Food and Drug Administration's November 2019 update states that "sufficient information is not available to know if stopping biotin consumption for any number of hours prior to testing will prevent incorrect test results," and that currently available data are insufficient to support recommendations for safe testing in patients taking high levels of biotin, including about the length of time for biotin clearance from the blood.
• Barbesino (2016), reporting a patient with multiple sclerosis on biotin megadoses, wrote that interrupting biotin for at least two days before biotin-sensitive tests should be sufficient to avoid major misdiagnoses.
• The same FDA update notes that specimens from people taking up to 300 mg per day may contain up to 1,200 ng/mL biotin.
• For acute presentations where waiting is not possible (chest pain in the emergency department), the lab can run a biotin-free assay platform or use a different biomarker

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High-Risk Scenarios for People Taking Biotin

The situations where biotin interference matters most. For all of them, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration tells consumers taking biotin to talk to their doctor, and asks health care providers to tell the lab when a patient takes it:

• Annual physical with routine labs — even basic thyroid panels on the standard panel can be affected at typical 5,000-10,000 mcg consumer doses.
• Endocrinology consultation — thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, pituitary, or reproductive endocrine workup. All hormone panels are at risk; they are read correctly only when the endocrinologist knows about biotin before any tests are ordered.
• Cardiology workup — especially anything where troponin or N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) might be measured.
• Oncology surveillance — prostate-specific antigen monitoring, CA-125, thyroglobulin, CEA, AFP. Falsely-low tumor markers can delay recurrence detection.
• Obstetrics and gynecology (OB/GYN) visit during pregnancy planning or early pregnancy — hCG can be affected, which matters most for anyone who might be pregnant.
• Any emergency department visit — the FDA asks lab staff to ask whether the patient takes biotin before testing. Acute myocardial infarction, ectopic pregnancy, hypercalcemic crisis, adrenal crisis — all have potential biotin interference.
• Pre-operative bloodwork — surgery that requires labs uses the same biotin-affected tests.
• Pediatric workup for inborn errors of metabolism — while paradoxical (biotinidase deficiency itself is detected by a different mechanism), other inborn-error panels can be affected.
• Doping control in athletes — some doping panels use immunoassay screening and can be affected, although confirmatory mass spectrometry is biotin-resistant.

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Assay Manufacturers' Response — Biotin-Free Platforms

Following the U.S. Food and Drug Administration communications, several major manufacturers of immunoassay analyzers that use streptavidin-biotin chemistry have been redesigning their assay chemistries to reduce or eliminate biotin susceptibility. Strategies include:

• Higher-affinity capture reagents — using novel streptavidin variants or alternative binding chemistries with affinities such that physiologic biotin concentrations cannot displace the capture antibody
• Biotin scavenging — pre-treating samples with reagents that bind free biotin before the assay runs
• Higher biotin tolerance thresholds — raising the assay-specific tolerable biotin concentration from ~30 ng/mL (a level easily exceeded by 5 mg biotin supplements) to 1,200 ng/mL or higher
• Non-biotinylated alternative chemistries — some next-generation assays avoid streptavidin-biotin entirely

Progress has been real but uneven. The FDA's 2019 update states that some lab test developers had mitigated biotin interference while others had not yet addressed it. Mzougui and colleagues (2020) published a laboratory evaluation of a new generation of electrochemiluminescent immunoassays for high-sensitive troponin T and thyroid-stimulating hormone testing against biotin. As of 2026, most labs have a mix of biotin-vulnerable and biotin-resistant platforms. The vulnerability is platform- and analyte-specific, so the problem is not solved everywhere.

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Patient FAQ

A daily 5,000 mcg biotin gummy for hair
A daily 5 mg dose is high enough to interfere with multiple assays. Most days this never matters, but on the day of an emergency department visit with chest pain, or a routine thyroid panel, it can matter a great deal. The FDA tells consumers taking biotin to talk to their doctor, and states that there is not enough information to know whether stopping biotin for any number of hours before testing prevents incorrect results.

Biotin bottles without a warning about this risk
This is legal. Dietary supplements in the US are regulated under the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act and are not required to carry the kinds of safety warnings that pharmaceuticals carry. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has communicated about biotin interference but has not mandated label warnings on the supplements themselves. Some manufacturers have voluntarily added warnings; most have not.

Whether the lab flags possible biotin interference
Generally only if the result is so far out of range that it triggers an automatic comment. Most lab reports do not flag biotin interference. The FDA notes that it is difficult for labs to identify samples that contain biotin, and asks health care providers and lab staff to ask patients about it.

Biotin before surgery
Pre-operative bloodwork uses the same affected immunoassays. Barbesino (2016) suggested that stopping biotin for at least two days before biotin-sensitive tests should be sufficient to avoid major misdiagnoses; the FDA states that the available data are insufficient to say how long biotin takes to clear from the blood in people taking high levels, which can reach 300 mg per day.

Biotin in a B-complex multivitamin
Probably not at low doses (30-300 mcg). The interference threshold for most modern assays is in the 30-100 ng/mL serum biotin range, which is exceeded by single doses around 1,000 mcg or more taken within the prior 24-48 hours. Standard multivitamin doses (30-300 mcg) are unlikely to cause clinically meaningful interference. But standalone biotin products (1,000+ mcg) and hair-skin-nail combos (5,000+ mcg) definitely can.

Bloodwork on 300 mg/day biotin for multiple sclerosis
It is interpretable only when specifically planned: the clinician knows about the 300 mg dose, chooses biotin-resistant assay platforms when available, and may use alternative biomarkers (CK-MB instead of troponin, urinary cortisol instead of serum cortisol, etc.) for critical assessments. See the High-Dose Multiple Sclerosis Trials page for context — this dose is no longer recommended for routine multiple sclerosis care.

Biotin doses and lab interference
For most adults, dietary biotin (eggs, nuts, salmon) provides far more than the 30 mcg Adequate Intake. Supplemental biotin at the doses found in standard multivitamins (30-300 mcg) is unlikely to interfere with labs; the FDA states that the 0.03 mg daily recommended amount does not typically cause interference.

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Critical Cautions Summary

• Clinicians can correct only for biotin they know about. The FDA tells consumers taking biotin to talk to their doctor and asks health care providers and lab staff to ask about it; dose and frequency both matter.
• No proven washout period. The FDA's 2019 update states that there is not enough information to know whether stopping biotin for any number of hours before testing prevents incorrect results; Barbesino (2016) suggested at least two days off biotin before biotin-sensitive tests.
• The Graves' mimic pattern is biotin until proven otherwise in a biotin user. Suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone + elevated free T4 in a patient on biotin can be an artifact; in Barbesino's patient, temporarily stopping biotin brought every abnormal result back to normal. A positive TRAb does not exclude it, because biotin can raise the TRAb result too.
• Acute chest pain on biotin: chest pain is a sign emergency departments treat as urgent, and a falsely-low troponin can be lethal. The lab can run an alternative platform or alternative biomarker (CK-MB) when it knows about the biotin.
• In acute abdominal pain in a woman on biotin: hCG may be falsely low. Ectopic pregnancy can be missed when the emergency team does not know about the biotin.
• Falsely-low tumor markers can mask cancer recurrence. Patients on cancer surveillance who take biotin can have their recurrence go undetected for a monitoring cycle.
• Falsely-low parathyroid hormone masks primary hyperparathyroidism. Hypercalcemia + low parathyroid hormone on a biotin user may actually be parathyroid hormone-driven hyperparathyroidism.
• Falsely-high cortisol mimics Cushing's. Cushing's workups in biotin users are reliable only off biotin or on assays that biotin does not affect.
• Even competitive-assay false ELEVATIONS can cause harm. Falsely-high 25(OH)D can lead to discontinuation of needed vitamin D supplementation. Falsely-high testosterone can prompt unnecessary tumor workup.
• Biotin in multiple sclerosis protocols (300 mg/day) is no longer evidence-supported. The original Tourbah 2016 positive signal did not replicate in the SPI2 2020 confirmatory trial. See the High-Dose multiple sclerosis Trials page.
• Cosmetic biotin (5,000-10,000 mcg) has essentially no randomized controlled trial (RCT) evidence for benefit in non-deficient adults. See the Hair, Skin & Nails page. The documented downside is lab-test interference.

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Key Research Papers

1. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (2017, November 28). The FDA Warns that Biotin May Interfere with Lab Tests: FDA Safety Communication. — FDA safety communication (archived copy)
2. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (2019, November 5). UPDATE: The FDA Warns that Biotin May Interfere with Lab Tests: FDA Safety Communication. — FDA safety communication update (archived copy)
3. Kummer S, Hermsen D, Distelmaier F (2016). Biotin Treatment Mimicking Graves' Disease. New England Journal of Medicine;375(7):704-706. — PubMed PMID: 27532849
4. Barbesino G (2016). Misdiagnosis of Graves' Disease with Apparent Severe Hyperthyroidism in a Patient Taking Biotin Megadoses. Thyroid. — PubMed PMID: 27043844
5. Piketty ML, Prie D, Sedel F, et al. (2017). High-dose biotin therapy leading to false biochemical endocrine profiles: validation of a simple method to overcome biotin interference. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine;55(6):817-825. — PubMed PMID: 28222020
6. Holmes EW et al. (2017). Biotin Interference in Clinical Immunoassays: A Cause for Concern. Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine;141(11):1459-1460. — PubMed PMID: 29072950
7. Li D, Radulescu A, Shrestha RT et al. (2017). Association of Biotin Ingestion With Performance of Hormone and Nonhormone Assays in Healthy Adults. JAMA;318(12):1150-1160. — PubMed PMID: 28973622
8. Samarasinghe S et al. (2017). Biotin interference with routine clinical immunoassays: understand the causes and mitigate the risks. Endocrine Practice. — PubMed PMID: 28534685
9. Avery G (2019). Biotin interference in immunoassay: a review for the laboratory scientist. Annals of Clinical Biochemistry;56(4):424-430. — PubMed PMID: 31023057
10. Bowen R, Benavides R, Colón-Franco JM, et al. (2019). Best practices in mitigating the risk of biotin interference with laboratory testing. Clinical Biochemistry;74:1-11. — PubMed PMID: 31473202
11. Mzougui S, Favresse J, Soleimani R, Fillée C, Gruson D (2020). Biotin interference: evaluation of a new generation of electrochemiluminescent immunoassays for high-sensitive troponin T and thyroid-stimulating hormone testing. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine;58(12):2037-2045. — PubMed PMID: 32324155

PubMed Topic Searches

1. PubMed: biotin immunoassay interference
2. PubMed: biotin thyroid test interference
3. PubMed: biotin troponin false negative
4. PubMed: biotin hCG interference
5. PubMed: streptavidin biotin assay platforms

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Connections

• All Vitamins
• Vitamin B7 Overview
• Benefits Hub
• Hair, Skin & Nails
• Multiple Carboxylase Deficiency
• High-Dose Multiple Sclerosis Trials
• Graves' Disease
• Hashimoto's Thyroiditis
• Hyperthyroidism
• Hypothyroidism
• Heart Attack (Myocardial Infarction)
• Multiple Sclerosis
• Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone
• Free T4
• 25(OH)D (Vitamin D)
• Ferritin
• Prostate-Specific Antigen
• Cortisol
• Troponin
• Deficiency
• Toxicity
• History

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